Subject | Mortality Rate | N | Therapeutic Factor | Provoking Factor | Outcome | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coagulation Pathway | ||||||
Children | not addressed | 4 | Protein C | meningococcemia | reversed organ dysfunction | [16] |
Infants, adolescents | 25% | 8 | Protein C | meningococcemia | restored micro-circulation | [17] |
Children 1 mo-5 yr | 17% | 6 | AT | sepsis, carcinoma, Reye's | normalized coagulation studies | [18] |
Newborns | 40% | 10 | AT, heparin | sepsis | improved coagulation | [22] |
Child | 100% | 1 | AT, Protein C | Unknown, ARDS | stopped bleeding | [19] |
Baboons | 67–100% | 3 | Protein C | E. coli organisms | prevented coagulopathy, lethal effects | [25] |
Adult pigs | not addressed | 16 | AT | E. coli endotoxin | Improved MAP, SVR | [23] |
Guinea pigs | 0% with Tx | 58 | Antithrombin Concentrate & LMWH | S. aureus isolates | Decreased fibrin deposits, improved survival | [26] |
Adult pigs | Not addressed | AT | LPS | decreased DIC, improved survival | [21] | |
Adult pigs | Not addressed | 21 | AT | LPS | reduced effusion, edema | [27] |
Newborn and 3 wk old piglets | Not Addressed | >>16/age group & dose | Heparin | 125I-Fibrinogen | ↑ AT conc. Improved the antithrombotic effects of heparin | [28] |
Fibrinolytic Pathway | ||||||
Infant, 4 mo | 0% | N 1 | R-TPA | meningococcemia | improved organ perfusion, cardiac performance | [24] |
Infants | 0% | 2 | R-TPA | Meningococcemia | Improved micro-circulation | [20] |
Combined Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Pathways | ||||||
Adult rabbits | 70 → 40% R-TPA alone, 70 → 0% both factors | N | R-TPA, R-hirudin | endotoxin | Improved hemostatic markers, decreased fibrin deposits | [11] |