Table 3 Examples of Trombin generation response to different procoagulant states

Recurrence after first unprovoked VTE

254 – with a first VTE, 34 - with recurrence

1 pM TF 1 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 1502 ± 446

ETP, nM∙min 1361 ± 499

0.122

1 tertile compared to the 3 HR = 2.54

[68]

Prospective study. Analysis was performed 2-3 months after completion of anticoagulant therapy.

IIa max, nM 232 ± 82

IIa max, nM 187 ± 89

0.005

HR = 3.09

Tlag, min 12 ± 6

Tlag, min 13 ± 5

0.319

HR = 2.29

1 pM TF 1 uM PL 4 nM TM

ETP, nM∙min 986 ± 422

ETP, nM∙min 763 ± 468

0.009

HR = 3.35

[68]

IIa max, nM 201 ± 75

IIa max, nM 148 ± 88

HR = 4.49

Tlag, min 17 ± 7

Tlag, min 19 ± 10

0.174

HR = 2.39

Unprovoked recurrence after first VTE

188 with a first VTE, 29 – with recurrence

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP > 50th percentile HR = 2.9

[69]

Prospective study. Analysis was performed 2-3 months after completion of anticoagulant therapy.

5 pM TF 4 uM PL 8nM TM

No significant predictive value

[69]

Recurrence after first unprovoked VTE

914 with a first VTE, 100 – with recurrence

72 pM TF 3.2 uM PL

IIa max, nM 349 ± 108

IIa max, nM 419 ± 110

IIa max >400 nM RR = 2.5

[70]

Prospective study. Analysis was performed after completion of anticoagulant therapy.

First and recurrent VT

187 with a first unprovoked VT 404 controls

1/6 deluted plasma 2.5 pM TF 4 uM PL 1.2 nM TM

Mean ETP(95% CI), nM∙min 1641 (1607 -1676)

Mean ETP(95% CI), nM∙min 1695(1639–1750)

ETP > 90th percentile measured in control subjects DVT HR = 1.7

[71]

Analysis was performed 3 months after completion of anticoagulant therapy.

173 with a first provoked VT 404 controls

Mean ETP(95% CI), nM∙min 1641 (1607 -1676)

Mean ETP(95% CI), nM∙min 1649(1595-1703)

[71]

59 recurrent VTE

HR of recurrence 1.1

[71]

Recurrence after first unprovoked VTE

105 with a first VTE, 40 – with recurrence

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 1671 ± 514

ETP, nM∙min 1491 ± 536

0.111

[72]

Prospective study. Analysis was performed upon diagnosis of VTE

IIa max, nM 302 ± 91

IIa max, nM 261 ± 125

0.058

Tlag, min 7.2 ± 2.2

Tlag, min 8.7 ± 5

Acute Ischemic Stroke (men)

42 patients 408 controls

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

geometric mean and interquartile range ETP, nM∙min 1755 (1620 - 1940)

geometric mean and interquartile range ETP, nM∙min 1720 (1572 - 1978)

HR = 0.88/sd

[74]

Prospective study.

IIa max, nM 327.0 (304.9 - 357.8)

IIa max, nM 330.2 (301.8 - 361.4)

HR = 1.04/sd

Acute Ischemic Stroke (women)

45 patients 666 controls

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 1755 (1604 - 1940)

ETP, nM∙min 1863 (1636 -1998)

HR = 1.55/sd

[74]

Prospective study

IIa max, nM 333.6 (311.0 - 372.4)

IIa max, nM 357.8 (320.5 - 391.5)

HR = 1.71/sd

Coronary Heart Disease events

186 patients 1000 controls

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 1765 (1620 - 1940)

ETP, nM∙min 1772 (1604- 1939

HR = 1.09/sd

[74]

Prospective study

IIa max, nM 333.0 (308.0 - 365.0)

IIa max, nM 330.3 (301.9- 357.8)

HR = 1.02/sd IIa max

Prothrombin G20210A mutation

148 heterozigote, 111 - controls

6.8 pM TF 30 uM PL

median and interquartile range ETP, nM∙min 1053 (946–1171)

median and interquartile range ETP, nM∙min 1358 (1190–1492)

[75]

IIa max, nM 292 (267–330)

IIa max, nM 349 (307–385)

Tlag, min 2.54 (2.46–2.84)

Tlag, min 2.74 (2.46–3.04)

0.268

3 homozigote

ETP, nM∙min 1661 (1451–1976)

[75]

IIa max, nM 466 (446–470)

Tlag, min 3.06 (2.14–5.08)

AT III-inherited deficiency

9 - controls 18 Type I-IIRS/PE

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 2200 ± 320

ETP, nM∙min 3366 ± 668

[76]

IIa max, nM 377.3 ± 49.1

IIa max, nM 493.4 ± 75.0

17 -IIHBS heterozygote

ETP, nM∙min 2142 ± 464

IIa max, nM 427.2 ± 98.3

8 - Cambridge II heterozygote

ETP, nM∙min 2211 ± 268

IIa max, nM 391.4 ± 46.8

VTE in cancer patients

1033 cancer patients 77 VTE cases

71.6 pM TF 3.2 uM PL

median (25th to 75th percentile) ETP, nM∙min 4386 (3804-4890)

median (25th to 75th percentile) ETP, nM∙min 4475 (4087-4915)

0.197

IIa max > 611 nM (75th percentile) HR = 2.1

[80]

Prospective study

IIa max, nM 499 (360-603)

IIa max, nM 556 (432-677)

0.014

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

52 patients, 60 controls

1 pM TF 1 uM PL

Median (range) ETP, nM∙min 1844 (1,317–2592)

Median (range) ETP, nM∙min 1835 (1213–2656)

0.96

[55]

IIa max, nM 264 (97–432)

IIa max, nM 303 (207–434)

Tlag, min 7.8 (4.7–18.4)

Tlag, min 5.9 (4.5–11.5)

1 pM TF 1 uM PL 4 nM TM

ETP, nM∙min 1301 (535–2381)

ETP, nM∙min 1497 (1061–2418)

0.003

[55]

IIa max, nM 256 (79–433)

IIa max, nM 297 (216–427)

0.001

Tlag, min 10.4 (6.3–25.8)

Tlag, min 7.8 (5.6–13.6)

43 patients, 60 controls

Ca only

ETP, nM∙min 1678 (539–2231)

ETP, nM∙min 1781 (288–2598)

0.05

[55]

IIa max, nM 151 (41–289)

IIa max, nM 202 (128–350)

Tlag, min 12.6 (7.0–29.5)

Tlag, min 10.8 (7.2–16.1)

Diabetes mellitus

89 patients

49 controls

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

ETP, nM∙min 1566.4 ± 240.7

ETP, nM∙min 1876.5 ± 390.0

[62]

IIa max, nM 252.8 ± 44.6

IIa max, nM 308.9 ± 39.5

Tlag, min 4.15 ± 0.74

Tlag, min 3.59 ± 0.62

Normal pregnancy

19 health pregnant women 

10 controls

5 pM TF 20 uM PL 0.1 mg/ml CTI

ETP, nM∙min 1553 ± 567

pre-pregnancy ETP, nM∙min 1162 ± 446

[82]

IIa max, nM 81 ± 41

Early

ETP, nM∙min 2157 ± 466

IIa max, nM 159 ± 100

IIa max, nM 219 ± 117

Late ETP, nM∙min 2410 ± 543

IIa max, nM 336 ± 178

Normal pregnancy

1st Trimester (n = 36)

5 pM TF 4 uM PL

TG on normal pooled plasma was significantly lower than TG on pregnant women. The exact parameter’s values weren’t shown

ETP, nM∙min 2123 ± 335

[83]

IIa max, nM 366 ± 43

2nd Trimester (n = 42)

ETP, nM∙min 2067 ± 326

IIa max, nM 374 ± 42

3rd Trimester (n = 23)

ETP, nM∙min 1915 ± 261

IIa max, nM 336 ± 49