Skip to main content

Table 2 Summary of studies on inferior vena cava thrombosis

From: Review article inferior vena cava thrombosis: a case series of patients observed in Taiwan and literature review

 

Stein et al. [2]

Linnemann et al. [9]

Linnemann et al. [10]

Kraft et al. [11]

Teter et al. [12]

Lin et al. a

Study design

Retrospective, NHDS database

Retrospective, MAISTHRO database

Retrospective, single institute

Retrospective, two institutes

Study periods

1979 to 2005

Mar 2000 to Aug 2006

Mar 2000 to Nov 2007

Mar 2000 to Feb 2010

Jan 2013 to July 2016

May 2012 to Dec 2019

Reported patient numbers

99,000 VCT patients

53 IVCT patients

60 IVCT patients, only 40 patients enrolled

141 IVCT patients

41 IVCT patients

8 IVCT patients

Study areas

USA 50 states

Germany

New York

Taiwan

Proportion of VTE (IVCT/VTE)

99,000/ 7,902,000 (1.3 %)

53/1170 (3 %)

60/1421 (4.2 %)

141/1500 (9.4 %)

NA

NA

Gender (F/M) n (%)

50,400 (51.1 %) /48,200 (48.9 %)

35 (66 %)/

18 (34 %)

25 (63 %) / 15 (37 %)

81 (57 %)/ 60 (43 %)

21 (51.2 %) / 20 (48.8 %)

5 (62.5 %)/ 3 (37.5 %)

Age (median)

0–70+ (NA)

12–79 (35.6)

12–38 (34)

12–85 (47)

15–91 (61)

30–54 (35.5)

Clinical characteristics

Location and extent of IVCT, n (%)

NA

Suprarenal segment, 3 (6 %); infrarenal segment, 50 (94 %)

NA

Hepatic segment,12 (8.5 %); suprarenal segment, 12 (8.5 %); infrarenal segment, 139 (98.6 %)

NA

Infrahepatic segment, 2 (25 %); infrarenal segment, 6 (75 %)

Isolated IVCT, n (%)

77,000 (78 %)

4 (7.6 %)

1 (2.5 %)

NA

NA

0 (0 %)

Thrombosis involving other venous segments, n (%)

22,000 (22 %) coexisted with DVT

Hepatic veins, 1 (1.9 %); renal veins, 2 (3.8 %); iliac veins, 46 (87 %); femoral veins, 42 (79 %); calf veins, 27 (51 %)

Hepatic veins, 1 (2.5 %); iliac veins, 37 (93 %); femoropopliteal veins, 30 (75 %); calf veins, 14 (35 %)

Right atrium, 10 (7.1 %); hepatic veins, 6 (4.3 %); renal veins, 24 (17 %); iliac veins, 94 (66.7 %); femoral veins, 69 (48.9 %); popliteal veins, 49 (34.8 %); calf veins, 31 (22 %)

NA

8 (100 %) with DVT; proximal veins, 8 (100 %); distal veins 5 (62.5 %)

Bilateral lower extremities DVT, n (%)

NA

13 (28.3 %)

NA

NA

NA

4 (50 %)

Bilateral DVT with dilatation of the superficial veins of the abdominal wall, n (%)

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

4 (50 %)

Collaterals inside the abdomen, n (%)

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

5 (62.5 %)

PE, n (%)

9400 (12 %)

17 (32.1 %)

NA

38 (27.0 %)

11 (26.8 %); 7 with IVC filters

5 (62.5 %); 2 with IVC filters

  1. NHDS National Hospital Discharge Survey, MAISTHRO MAIn-ISar-THROmbose-Register, VCT vena cava thrombosis, IVCT inferior vena cava thrombosis, IVC inferior vena cava, NA not available, VTE venous thromboembolism, F female, M male, DVT deep venous thrombosis, PE pulmonary embolism
  2. a Present study