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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population

From: Prognostic value of characteristics of plaque combined with residual syntax score among patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI: an intravascular optical coherence tomography study

Variables

Total (N = 274)

Group = 0 (TCFA absent &Rss ≤ 4)

Group = 1 (TCFA present &Rss ≤ 4)

Group = 2 (TCFA absent &Rss>4)

Group = 3 (TCFA present &Rss>4)

P value

Age (years)

58.0 (50.0, 67.0)

55.0 (49.0, 64.5)

61.5 (54.8, 72.0)

61.0 (51.0, 68.0)

59.0 (50.0, 63.0)

0.068

Male [%(n)]

221 (80.7)

92 (85.2)

23 (71.9)

71 (73.2)

35 (94.6)

0.011*

Height (cm)

170.0 (165.0, 173.0)

170.0 (165.0, 175.8)

169.0 (160.0, 172.0)

170.0 (165.0, 172.0)

170.0 (167.0, 172.0)

0.488

Weight (kg)

75.0 (67.0, 82.2)

75.0 (69.2, 82.9)

75.0 (69.0, 80.0)

72.0 (65.0, 83.0)

75.0 (65.0, 81.0)

0.751

Heart rate (beats per minute)

76.0 (65.0, 86.0)

80.0 (67.0, 90.0)

70.5 (65.0, 78.2)

74.0 (64.5, 83.0)

77.0 (66.0, 87.0)

0.091

SBP (mmHg)

121.0 (107.0, 134.0)

120.0 (106.0, 132.0)

111.0 (104.8, 126.0)

124.0 (110.0, 136.0)

123.0 (110.0, 135.0)

0.266

DBP(mmHg)

79.0 ± 12.3

79.4 ± 13.1

75.5 ± 10.2

78.4 ± 11.8

81.8 ± 13.0

0.266

Syntax score of base

16.0 (11.0, 22.5)

14.0 (9.0, 20.1)

11.5 (8.8, 16.0)

19.5 (15.0, 26.5)

20.0 (15.0, 26.0)

< 0.001

Residual syntax score

4.0 (0.0, 8.0)

0.0 (0.0, 2.0)

2.0 (0.0, 2.2)

8.0 (5.0, 12.0)

9.0 (6.0, 15.0)

< 0.001

Risk factors

 Hypertension[%(n)]

164 (59.9)

59 (54.6)

19 (59.4)

63 (64.9)

23 (62.2)

0.501

 Diabetes[%(n)]

78 (28.5)

23 (21.3)

13 (40.6)

27 (27.8)

15 (40.5)

0.502

 Hyperlipidemia[%(n)]

236 (86.1)

93 (86.1)

29 (90.6)

81 (83.5)

33 (89.2)

0.781

 Smoking[%(n)]

165 (68.2)

60 (63.2)

19 (76)

58 (65.9)

28 (82.4)

0.160

 Previous PCI[%(n)]

22 (8.0)

8 (7.4)

5 (15.6)

7 (7.2)

2 (5.4)

0.433

 Peripheral atherosclerosis [%(n)]

12 (4.7)

5 (4.9)

1 (3.4)

4 (4.4)

2 (5.7)

0.977

 CKD[%(n)]

4 (1.6)

2 (2)

2 (6.9)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.076

Laboratory examinations

 HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

1.2 (1.0, 1.3)

1.0 (0.9, 1.2)

1.1 (0.8, 1.2)

0.215

 LDL-cholesterol at (mmol/L)

2.8 ± 0.9

2.6 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 1.0

2.8 ± 0.9

3.0 ± 0.8

0.014*

 Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.4 (1.0, 2.0)

1.4 (0.9, 1.9)

1.4 (1.0, 1.8)

1.4 (1.0, 2.1)

1.7 (1.0, 2.5)

0.29

 LPA (mg/L)

159.1 (71.5, 376.1)

166.5 (70.8, 378.8)

127.2 (84.1, 250.2)

159.2 (66.0, 389.6)

183.0 (75.0, 419.0)

0.841

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

6.2 (2.7, 10.9)

6.2 (2.9, 11.1)

3.4 (1.7, 8.6)

5.9 (2.6, 10.9)

6.7 (3.2, 10.8)

0.194

 D-dimer (ug/mL)

0.2 (0.1, 0.4)

0.2 (0.1, 0.4)

0.2 (0.1, 0.3)

0.2 (0.1, 0.4)

0.3 (0.2, 0.6)

0.268

 TnI (ng/L)

0.9 (0.1, 5.2)

1.3 (0.1, 5.4)

0.8 (0.0, 3.4)

0.8 (0.2, 4.9)

0.3 (0.0, 3.8)

0.45

 Peak level of TnI (ng/L)

23.9 (10.8, 46.5)

25.2 (9.6, 52.1)

18.2 (10.3, 32.5)

26.2 (11.3, 46.5)

19.2 (8.7, 42.8)

0.419

 BNP (ng/L)

137.3 (47.9, 566.0)

182.0 (60.4, 626.5)

170.2 (47.7, 417.1)

131.7 (48.0, 571.1)

75.9 (33.7, 375.8)

0.300

 Peak level of BNP (ng/L)

1606.0 (633.5, 3122.0)

1465.0 (602.4, 3164.0)

1598.0 (989.5, 2484.0)

1779.0 (511.3, 3113.0)

1190.0 (867.4, 3122.0)

0.955

 WBC 10^9/L

9.8 (8.0, 11.9)

10.5 (7.9, 12.6)

10.0 (8.7, 11.6)

9.6 (8.1, 11.4)

9.2 (7.8, 10.9)

0.179

 Hemoglobin

147.5 (136.0, 156.0)

149.0 (137.8, 156.0)

147.0 (136.2, 157.2)

147.0 (133.0, 154.0)

147.0 (137.0, 157.0)

0.635

 Platelet

222.0 (191.2, 280.8)

222.0 (190.0, 285.2)

231.0 (186.5, 266.0)

230.0 (195.0, 281.0)

217.0 (190.0, 287.0)

0.909

 Crea (umol/L)

79.0 (67.9, 91.8)

78.1 (67.1, 94.4)

83.1 (69.2, 91.7)

77.7 (66.0, 88.0)

82.2 (73.4, 92.4)

0.234

 Glu

7.6 (6.3, 10.0)

7.1 (6.3, 9.0)

9.0 (7.4, 10.2)

7.7 (6.1, 10.3)

7.8 (6.5, 11.8)

0.082

 ALC

6.0 (5.6, 7.1)

5.8 (5.5, 6.6)

6.2 (5.8, 7.9)

6.1 (5.6, 7.1)

6.2 (5.6, 7.7)

0.097

Discharge medication regimen

 Aspirin[%(n)]

265 (96.70)

105 (97.20)

31 (96.90)

93 (95.90)

36 (97.30)

0.952

 Ticagrelor[%(n)]

139 (50.70)

50 (46.30)

22 (68.80)

51 (52.60)

16 (43.20)

0.113

 Clopidogrel[%(n)]

135 (49.30)

58 (53.70)

10 (31.20)

46 (47.40)

21 (56.80)

0.113

 ACEI/ARB[%(n)]

204 (74.50)

83 (76.90)

24 (75)

67 (69.10)

30 (81.10)

0.447

 Beta-Blockers[%(n)]

240 (87.60)

95 (88)

28 (87.50)

84 (86.60)

33 (89.20)

0.988

 Statin[%(n)]

266 (97.10)

104 (96.30)

32 (100)

93 (95.90)

37 (100)

0.638

 Proton pump inhibitor[%(n)]

109 (39.80)

39 (36.10)

16 (50)

38 (39.20)

16 (43.20)

0.532

 Oral anticoagulants[%(n)]

6 (2.20)

2 (1.90)

1 (3.10)

3 (3.10)

0 (0)

0.728

Procedural data

 Angiographic findings

  Culprit vessels

     

< 0.001*

   LAD

131 (47.8)

69 (63.9)

15 (46.9)

37 (38.1)

10 (27)

 

   LCX

27 (9.9)

5 (4.6)

1 (3.1)

18 (18.6)

3 (8.1)

 

   RCA

116 (42.3)

34 (31.5)

16 (50)

42 (43.3)

24 (64.9)

 

  Coronary artery lesions

     

< 0.001*

   SVD

66 (24.1)

53 (49.1)

9 (28.1)

3 (3.1)

1 (2.7)

 

   DVD

100 (36.5)

36 (33.3)

17 (53.1)

35 (36.1)

12 (32.4)

 

   TVD

108 (39.4)

19 (17.6)

6 (18.8)

59 (60.8)

24 (64.9)

 

  Pre-TIMI flow

     

0.793

   0

172 (62.8)

71 (65.7)

19 (59.4)

62 (63.9)

20 (54.1)

 

   1

15 (5.5)

5 (4.6)

1 (3.1)

6 (6.2)

3 (8.1)

 

   2

25 (9.1)

9 (8.3)

5 (15.6)

9 (9.3)

2 (5.4)

 

   3

62 (22.6)

23 (21.3)

7 (21.9)

20 (20.6)

12 (32.4)

 

  AHA classification

     

0.793

   A

2 (0.7)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (1)

1 (2.7)

 

   B1

25 (9.2)

11 (10.2)

3 (9.4)

6 (6.2)

5 (13.5)

 

   B2

38 (13.9)

16 (14.8)

4 (12.5)

13 (13.5)

5 (13.5)

 

   C

208 (76.2)

81 (75)

25 (78.1)

76 (79.2)

26 (70.3)

 

 Diameter of lesion

3.0 (2.8, 3.5)

3.0 (3.0, 3.5)

3.3 (3.0, 3.5)

3.0 (2.7, 3.5)

3.0 (3.0, 3.5)

0.033*

 Length of lesion

26.0 (19.0, 37.0)

24.0 (17.8, 34.2)

29.0 (21.5, 42.8)

27.0 (21.0, 36.2)

30.0 (18.0, 35.0)

0.143

Endpoint events

 MACE [%(n)]

48 (17.5)

13 (12)

4 (12.5)

18 (18.6)

13 (35.1)

0.013*

 Death [%(n)]

2 (0.70)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (10)

1 (2.70)

0.339

 Recurrent MI [%(n)]

8 (2.90)

1 (0.90)

0 (0)

4 (4.10)

3 (8.10)

0.082

 Stroke [%(n)]

9 (3.30)

4 (3.70)

2 (6.20)

2 (2.10)

1 (2.70)

0.618

 Revascularization

37 (13.5)

9 (8.3)

2 (6.2)

15 (15.5)

11 (29.7)

0.012*

 Heart failure [%(n)]

6 (2.20)

3 (2.80)

0 (0)

3 (3.1)

0 (0)

0.768

  1. Continuous data are presented as median (interquartile range). Categorical data are presented as number (%)
  2. DM diabetes mellitus, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diabetes blood pressure, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, CKD chronic kidney disease, HDL, high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, LPA lipse activator, hs-CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, TnI troponin, LAD left anterior descending artery, LCX left circumfex artery, RCA right coronary artery, DVD double vessel disease, SVD single vessel disease, TVD triple vessel disease, AHA American Heart Association, MACE major adverse cardiovascular events, MI myocardial infarction, TCFA thin-cap fibroatheroma, rSS residual syntax score
  3. *P <  0.05