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Table 2 Baseline characteristics and renal outcomes (after warfarin and DOACs 1:1 propensity score matching)

From: The impact on renal function after long-term use of anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients

Variables

Warfarin group

DOAC group

p value

ASMD

N

879

879

 

Gender (male)

490 (55.7)

502 (57.1)

0.597

0.002

Mean age

67 ± 10.6

67 ± 10.3

0.967

0.002

Medical history 1

 Type 2 DM

160 (18.2)

166 (18.9)

0.759

0.002

 Hypertension

335 (38.1)

334 (38.0)

1.000

0.0002

 Hyperlipidemia

172 (19.6)

181 (20.6)

0.634

0.002

 Heart failure

109 (12.4)

115 (13.1)

0.721

0.002

 Previous stroke

38 (4.3)

49 (5.6)

0.272

0.006

 Vascular disease

19 (2.2)

16 (1.8)

0.733

0.002

Chronic kidney disease

 Stage < 3

556 (63.3)

550 (62.6)

0.805

0.001

 Stage ≥3

323 (36.7)

329 (37.4)

0.001

 CHA2DS2-VASc

2.23 ± 1.34

2.29 ± 1.37

0.351

0.044

Medication

 ACEI/ARB

494 (56.2)

476 (54.2)

0.415

0.003

 Spironolactone

0 (0)

0 (0)

Renal function

 The average serum Cr (mg/dL)

1.08 ± 0.35

1.09 ± 0.35

0.912

0.029

 Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

70.33 ± 24.21

70.54 ± 24.67

0.861

0.009

 1-year eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

68.98 ± 23.57

69.56 ± 24.09

0.613

0.024

 2-year eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

69.06 ± 26.46

68.60 ± 24.84

0.708

0.018

Renal outcomes

 Acute kidney injury (%)

78 (8.9)

39 (4.4)

< 0.001

0.017

 Renal failure requiring HD (%)

2 (0.2)

2 (0.2)

1.000

0

 Renal death (%)

4 (0.5)

3 (0.3)

1.000

0.002

  1. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation or numbers (percentages)
  2. Abbreviation: DOAC direct oral anticoagulants, ASMD absolute standardized mean difference, N number, DM diabetes mellitus, Cr creatinine, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACEI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, HD hemodialysis