Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included patients

Gender

0.215

 Male

26 (52.0%)

18 (66.7%)

 Female

24 (48.0%)

9 (33.3%)

Age (years, mean ± SD)

59.0 ± 13.0

60.4 ± 12.3

0.641

Etiology

0.693

 HBV

14 (28.0%)

10 (37.0%)

 PBC

13 (26.0%)

3 (11.1%)

 Alcohol

11 (22.0%)

7 (25.9%)

 NASH

2 (4.0%)

2 (7.4%)

 Drug

2 (4.0%)

1 (3.7%)

 Other

8 (16.0%)

4 (14.8%)

HCC

2 (4.0%)

2 (7.4%)

0.917

History of splenectomy

5 (10.0%)

11 (40.7%)

0.002

Child-Pugh score

0.102

 A

16 (34.0%)

15 (55.6%)

 B

24 (51.1%)

11 (40.7%)

 C

7 (14.9%)

1 (3.7%)

MELD (mean ± SD)

6.4 ± 5.5

5.2 ± 4.0

0.316

 ALB (g/L)

32.9 ± 4.8

34.9 ± 5.0

0.094

 Median bilirubin (umol/L, IQR)

23.6 (18.4–31.0)

19.8 (14.4–29.9)

0.318

 Median ALT (U/L, IQR)

18.5 (12.0–27.5)

18.0 (14.0–30.0)

0.906

 Median AST (g/L, IQR)

32.7 (22.5–41.6)

27.3 (21.6–35.6)

0.175

 Median creatinine (IQR)

69.0 (60.0–93.8)

71.6 (57.8–93.6)

0.498

 Median PT (s, IQR)

14.1 (13.2–15.7)

14.3 (12.7–14.7)

0.328

 INR

1.3 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.1

0.222

 Median Platelet count (×10⁹/L, IQR)

74.0 (52.0–102.0)

97.0 (69.0–195.0)

0.041

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

98.8 ± 22.3

110.1 ± 22.2

0.040

 D-dimer (ug/mL, IQR)

2.5 (1.3–4.3)

3.2 (1.7–6.2)

0.484

Degree of PV occlusion

0.753

 Occlusive

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.7%)

 Non-occlusive

50 (100.0%)

26 (96.3%)

 Main PV

42 (84.0%)

22 (81.5%)

1.000

 Intrahepatic branch of PV

21 (42.0%)

15 (55.6%)

0.255

 splenic vein

13 (26.0%)

8 (30.8%)

0.659

 Mesenteric vein

16 (32.0%)

12 (44.4%)

0.279