Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics
ST (n = 253) | Controls (n = 1012) | EST (n = 142) | Controls (n = 568) | LST (n = 53) | Controls (n = 212) | VLST (n = 58) | Controls (n = 232) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient characteristics | ||||||||
Age, yrsa | 67.9 ± 10.9 | 69.7 ± 10.7 | 68.0 ± 10.6 | 69.5 ± 10.5 | 66.4 ± 12.0 | 69.5 ± 11.5 | 68.9 ± 10.5 | 70.1 ± 10.2 |
Male sexa | 196 (77.5) | 768 (75.9) | 115 (81.0) | 437 (75.2) | 40 (75.5) | 165 (77.8) | 41 (70.7) | 176 (75.9) |
BMI, kg/m2a | 23.6 ± 3.6 | 23.8 ± 3.6 | 23.9 ± 3.5 | 23.8 ± 3.4 | 23.7 ± 4.2 | 24.0 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.2 | 23.7 ± 3.9 |
Hypertensiona | 201 (79.4) | 834 (82.4) | 112 (78.9) | 469 (82.6) | 41 (77.4) | 176 (83.0) | 48 (82.8) | 189 (81.5) |
Diabetes mellitusa | 127 (50.2) | 465 (45.9) | 67 (47.2) | 248 (43.7) | 33 (62.3) | 107 (50.5) | 27 (46.6) | 110 (47.4) |
Dyslipidemiaa | 209 (82.6) | 846 (83.6) | 119 (83.8) | 481 (84.7) | 44 (83.0) | 181 (85.4) | 46 (79.3) | 184 (79.3) |
Current smokera | 68 (27.0) | 205 (20.3) | 45 (31.9) | 129 (22.8) | 9 (17.0) | 29 (13.7) | 14 (24.1) | 47 (20.3) |
Hemodialysisa | 38 (15.0) | 73 (7.2) | 9 (6.3) | 32 (5.6) | 21 (39.6) | 22 (10.4) | 8 (13.8) | 19 (8.2) |
Prior myocardial infarction | 92 (36.4) | 289 (28.6) | 50 (35.2) | 160 (28.2) | 20 (37.7) | 60 (28.3) | 22 (37.9) | 69 (29.7) |
Prior PCI | 122 (48.2) | 483 (47.7) | 59 (41.5) | 260 (45.8) | 30 (56.6) | 106 (50.5) | 33 (56.9) | 117 (50.4) |
Prior CABG | 13 (5.1) | 40 (4.0) | 6 (4.2) | 25 (4.4) | 4 (7.5) | 7 (3.3) | 3 (5.2) | 8 (3.4) |
Prior stroke | 34 (13.4) | 89 (8.8) | 16 (11.3) | 56 (9.9) | 11 (20.8) | 13 (6.1) | 7 (12.1) | 20 (8.6) |
LVEF, % | 50.9 ± 14.2 | 56.9 ± 12.3 | 48.4 ± 15.1 | 57.3 ± 12.2 | 52.3 ± 13.1 | 55.9 ± 12.9 | 55.9 ± 11.5 | 57.0 ± 12.0 |
Clinical presentation at the index PCIa | ||||||||
STEMI | 69 (27.5) | 106 (10.5) | 53 (37.9) | 65 (11.5) | 10 (18.9) | 22 (10.4) | 6 (10.3) | 15 (6.5) |
NSTEMI | 16 (6.3) | 53 (5.2) | 11 (7.9) | 26 (4.6) | 4 (7.5) | 17 (8.0) | 1 (1.7) | 10 (4.3) |
UAP | 29 (11.5) | 124 (12.3) | 14 (10.0) | 70 (12.4) | 9 (17.0) | 25 (11.8) | 6 (10.3) | 29 (12.5) |
Stable coronary artery disease | 137 (54.2) | 729 (72.0) | 62 (44.3) | 403 (71.5) | 30 (56.6) | 148 (69.8) | 45 (77.6) | 178 (76.7) |
Medication at index PCI | ||||||||
Aspirin | 249 (98.4) | 1006 (99.6) | 139 (97.9) | 565 (99.5) | 52 (98.1) | 212 (100.0) | 58 (100.0) | 229 (99.6) |
Thienopyridine | 244 (96.4) | 1003 (99.1) | 135 (95.1) | 565 (99.5) | 52 (98.1) | 210 (99.1) | 57 (98.3) | 228 (98.3) |
Anticoagulation | 27 (10.7) | 104 (10.3) | 15 (10.6) | 68 (12.0) | 7 (13.2) | 17 (8.0) | 5 (8.6) | 19 (8.3) |
Beta-blocker | 118 (46.6) | 437 (43.3) | 70 (49.3) | 258 (45.4) | 26 (49.1) | 84 (39.6) | 22 (37.9) | 95 (41.3) |
ACEI/ARB | 142 (56.1) | 621 (61.4) | 80 (56.3) | 357 (62.9) | 30 (56.6) | 132 (62.3) | 32 (55.2) | 132 (56.9) |
Statin | 173 (68.4) | 769 (76.1) | 94 (66.2) | 447 (78.7) | 38 (71.7) | 158 (74.5) | 41 (70.7) | 164 (71.3) |
Oral hypoglycemia agent | 73 (28.9) | 304 (30.1) | 38 (26.8) | 162 (28.5) | 19 (35.8) | 70 (33.0) | 16 (27.6) | 72 (31.3) |
Insulin | 32 (12.6) | 93 (9.2) | 17 (12.0) | 46 (8.1) | 9 (17.0) | 27 (12.7) | 6 (10.3) | 20 (8.7) |
Lesion and procedural characteristics | ||||||||
LMCA | 22 (8.7) | 47 (4.6) | 16 (11.3) | 23 (4.0) | 3 (5.7) | 13 (6.1) | 3 (5.2) | 11 (4.7) |
Proximal LAD | 82 (32.4) | 225 (22.2) | 53 (37.3) | 138 (24.3) | 11 (20.8) | 51 (24.1) | 18 (31.0) | 36 (15.5) |
In-stent restenosis | 37 (14.6) | 97 (9.6) | 13 (9.2) | 45 (7.9) | 10 (18.9) | 25 (11.8) | 14 (24.1) | 27 (11.6) |
Bifurcation lesion | 115 (45.5) | 369 (36.5) | 71 (50.0) | 219 (38.6) | 16 (30.2) | 68 (32.1) | 28 (48.3) | 82 (35.3) |
Severe calcification | 66 (26.1) | 141 (13.9) | 31 (21.8) | 78 (13.7) | 28 (52.8) | 31 (14.6) | 7 (12.1) | 32 (13.8) |
Tortuosity | 59 (23.3) | 189 (18.7) | 25 (17.6) | 94 (16.5) | 13 (24.5) | 39 (18.4) | 21 (36.2) | 56 (24.1) |
Chronic total occlusion | 14 (5.5) | 92 (9.1) | 6 (4.2) | 47 (8.3) | 2 (3.8) | 21 (9.9) | 6 (10.3) | 24 (10.3) |
Total stent length, mm | 33.5 ± 19.5 | 30.5 ± 18.2 | 34.0 ± 18.7 | 29.6 ± 16.9 | 31.2 ± 18.0 | 31.3 ± 19.3 | 34.4 ± 22.5 | 32.0 ± 20.0 |
Stent overlap | 91 (36.0) | 250 (24.7) | 51 (35.9) | 132 (23.2) | 17 (32.1) | 55 (25.9) | 23 (39.7) | 63 (27.2) |
IVUS use | 185 (73.1) | 668 (66.0) | 102 (71.8) | 376 (66.2) | 44 (83.0) | 140 (66.0) | 39 (67.2) | 152 (65.5) |
OCT use | 16 (6.3) | 127 (12.5) | 7 (4.9) | 87 (15.3) | 3 (5.7) | 20 (9.4) | 6 (10.3) | 20 (8.6) |
Stent edge dissection | 2 (0.8) | 6 (0.6) | 2 (1.4) | 4 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.9) |
Cancer historya | 31 (12.3) | 86 (8.5) | 14 (9.9) | 55 (9.7) | 7 (13.2) | 12 (5.7) | 10 (17.2) | 19 (8.2) |
Currently diagnosed cancera | 9 (3.6) | 14 (1.4) | 3 (2.1) | 10 (1.8) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (0.5) | 5 (8.6) | 3 (1.3) |
Previously diagnosed cancera | 22 (8.7) | 72 (7.1) | 11 (7.7) | 45 (7.9) | 6 (11.3) | 11 (5.2) | 5 (8.6) | 16 (6.9) |
Currently treated cancer | 8 (3.2) | 13 (1.3) | 2 (1.4) | 11 (1.9) | 2 (3.8) | 1 (0.5) | 4 (6.9) | 1 (0.4) |
Previously treated cancer | 12 (4.7) | 36 (3.6) | 6 (4.2) | 22 (3.9) | 3 (5.7) | 3 (1.4) | 3 (5.2) | 11 (4.7) |