Table 1 Demographic data and clinical characteristics of CVT in Adolescents
Total (n = 53) | Non-CVT (n = 32) | CVT (n = 21) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender(Male), n(%) | 29 (54.7) | 20 (62.5) | 9 (42.9) | 0.16 |
Mean age(y), Mean ± SD | 15.2 ± 1.8 | 15.4 ± 1.6 | 15.0 ± 2.0 | 0.403 |
BMI, Mean ± SD | 22.6 ± 5.2 | 22.1 ± 5.2 | 23.4 ± 5.2 | 0.376 |
Type of onset*, n(%) | 47 (88.7) | 28 (87.5) | 19 (90.5) | 1 |
Mean delay between first symptom and diagnosis(SD), d | 7.0 ± 14.9 | 7.7 ± 16.6 | 5.8 ± 12.1 | 0.668 |
mRS 0–1 at admission, n(%) | 42(79.2) | 29(90.6) | 13(61.9) | 0.017 |
Deterioration during hospitalization, n(%) | 8 (15.1) | 2 (6.2) | 6 (28.6) | 0.047 |
mRS 0–1 at discharge, n(%) | 48 (90.6) | 32 (100) | 16 (76.2) | 0.007 |
CVST-associated conditions, n(%) | 47 (88.7) | 27 (84.4) | 20 (95.2) | 0.384 |
Malignant hemopathy/cancer | 1 ( 1.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.8) | 0.396 |
Myeloproliferative neoplasms | 2 ( 3.8) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (4.8) | 1 |
PNH | 2 ( 3.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (9.5) | 0.152 |
Systemic disease | 12 (22.6) | 8 (25) | 4 (19) | 0.743 |
Thrombophilia | 24 (45.3) | 14 (43.8) | 10 (47.6) | 0.782 |
General cause of hypercoagulability | 16(30.2) | 10(31.2) | 6(28.6) | 0.835 |
Infection | 16 (30.2) | 10 (31.2) | 6 (28.6) | 0.835 |
Noninfectious local cause | 4 ( 7.5) | 2 (6.2) | 2 (9.5) | 1 |
CVST risk factors, n(%) | 14 (27.5) | 5 (16.7) | 9 (42.9) | 0.039 |
Oral contraception | 1 ( 1.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.8) | 0.396 |
Obesity | 13 (25.5) | 5 (16.7) | 8 (38.1) | 0.084 |
Clinical presentation, n(%) | ||||
Headache, ICP ↑† | 35 (67.3) | 19 (61.3) | 16 (76.2) | 0.261 |
Papilloedema | 33 (62.3) | 20 (62.5) | 13 (61.9) | 0.965 |
Visual disturbance | 9 (17.0) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (19) | 1 |
Seizure | 14 (26.4) | 5 (15.6) | 9 (42.9) | 0.028 |
Focal neurological deficits‡ | 12 (22.6) | 7 (21.9) | 5 (23.8) | 1 |
Encephalopathy§ | 11 (20.8) | 7 (21.9) | 4 (19) | 1 |