Table 1 Demographic characteristics

Age (year), mean (SD)

51.1 (14.73)

50.81 (15.4)

54.82 (15.05)

51.9 (15.13)

0.780

0.004

0.003

Gender (female), n (%)

182 (53.5)

152 (56.5)

118 (61.8)

452 (56.5)

0.464

0.258

0.085

BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD)

27.37 (5.05)

27.78 (5.52)

28.13 (5.15)

27.7 (5.24)

0.609

0.372

0.195

GFR < 30 mL/min, n (%)

3 (0.9)

1 (0.4)

-

4 (0.5)

0.634

1.000

0.556

Emergency surgery, n (%)

18 (5.3)

33 (12.3)

4 (2.1)

55 (6.9)

0.003

 < 0.001

0.110

Abdominal-pelvic cancer surgery, n (%)

66 (19.4)

32 (11.9)

26 (13.6)

124 (15.5)

0.012

0.585

0.125

LOS (day), median (min–max)

5 (1–275)

4 (1–288)

4 (2–42)

4 (1–288)

0.023

0.970

0.012

Caprini RAM, median (min–max)

6 (1–17)

5 (1–14)

6 (1–12)

6 (1–17)

0.548

0.154

0.301

Type of surgery, n (%)

 Colorectal surgery

72 (20.7)

58 (21.3)

30 (15.2)

160 (20.0)

0.908

0.116

0.125

  Colon

17

15

7

39

0.894

0.344

0.622

  Rectum

18

13

7

38

0.943

0.709

0.524

  Anus

37

30

16

83

0.916

0.412

0.439

 Hepatobiliary Surgery

69 (19.9)

44 (16.2)

44 (22.3)

158 (19.3)

0.215

0.073

0.587

 Hernia Surgery

58 (16.7)

48 (17.6)

40 (20.3)

146 (17.8)

0.800

0.405

0.181

 Breast Surgery

57 (16.4)

40 (14.7)

39 (19.8)

136 (16.6)

0.526

0.120

0.336

 Endocrine Surgery

35 (10.0)

32 (11.4)

22 (11.2)

89 (10.9)

0.455

1.000

0.585

  Thyroid

24

20

18

62

0.984

0.554

0.338

  Parathyroid

9

10

4

23

0.603

0.414

0.778

  Adrenal

2

2

0

4

1.000

0.513

0.538

 Lower GI Surgery

16 (4.6)

25 (9.1)

10 (5.1)

51 (6.2)

0.037

0.150

0.746

 Upper GI Surgery

21 (6.0)

13 (4.8)

6 (3.0)

40 (4.9)

0.590

0.509

0.186

 Others

19 (5.5)

13 (4.8)

6 (3.0)

38 (4.6)

0.816

0.509

0.287

Total^a

347 (100)

272 (100)

197 (100)

818 (100)

0.706

0.121

0.228