Table 2 Studies that measure activated protein C
Reference (year) | Design | Patients (n) | Inclusion criteria | Injury Severity Score (ISS) | Sampling time (n) | Trauma-induced coagulopathy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) or median (25–75% quartile) | ||||||
[35] (2011) |  | 80 | Full trauma activation | ACOTS 34(30–43) Non-ACOTS 17(10–25) | Median 68 min post injury (1) | ACOTS |
[36] (2012) | Prospective cohort (s) | 203 | Highest-level trauma team activation | 25.2 (13.8) | On arrival at ED 6,12,24Â h after admission (4) | Acute traumatic coagulopathy |
[37] (2012) | Prospective | 132 | Highest-level trauma activation system | High histone 30.5(13.0) Low histone 22.8(13.1) | Within 10Â min of ED arrival 6Â h after admission (2) | Traumatic injury |
[38] (2013) | Prospective cohort (m) | 80 | Full trauma team activation | iTBI 35(32–37) sTBI + extracranial injury (sTBI/E) 25(15–26) Non-TBI 10(7–22) | Within 2 h after injury (1) | ACOTS |
[39] (2013) | A subset of PROMMT | 1198 | Highest-level trauma activation | PTINR Coagulopathic 31.1(15.5) Non-coagulopathic 23.9(14.4) APTT Coagulopathic 35.6(16.6) Non-coagulopathic 24.6(14.0) | Not shown | Acute traumatic coagulopathy |
[40] (2016) | Prospective (1) | 57 | Severe trauma ISS > 9, at least 1 AIS > 3 | ACOTS Non-ACOTS, not shown | Within 12 h after arrival to ED (1) | ACOTS |
[41] (2017) | Prospective cohort (s) | 300 | Full trauma activation | ATC 23(10–34) Non-ATC 9(4–22) | Within 20 min of arrival in the ED (1) | Acute traumatic coagulopathy |
[42] (2013) | Prospective (s) | 57 | Severe trauma ISS > 9, at least 1 AIS > 3 | ACOTS Non-ACOTS, not shown | Within 12 h after arrival to ED (1) | ACOTS |