Indication | Patient | Recommended TXA dose | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epistaxis | Regular | PERI | 1% soaked pledgets or sprayed | ||
Menorrhagia | Regular or bleeding disorder | PERI | 2-4 g/d (max. 5 d) | [19] | |
Trauma | Regular | PRE | 1 g (over 10 min) | [20] | |
PERI | 1 g (over 8 h) | ||||
Postpartum hemorrhage | Regular | PRE | 1 g (over 10 min) | [21] | |
POST | 1 g if bleeding continuous after 30 min or if bleeding restarts after 24 h | ||||
Myomectomy and hysterectomy | Regular (A) | PRE | 10-15 mg/kg | ||
PERI (optional) | 1 mg/kg/h (continuous) | ||||
Regular (B) | PERI | 2 g soaked gauzes | |||
Orthopedic | Regular | PRE | 10-15 mg/kg (max 1.2 g, over 30 min) | ||
PERI (optional) | 1-3 g diluted in 30-100 mL NS (topical with closure) | ||||
POST | 10-15 mg/kg (after 3 hours or via infusion), optionally repeated | ||||
Cardiac surgery | Low bleeding risk | PRE | 10-15 mg/kg | [36] | |
PERI | 1 mg/kg/h continuous infusion (6-8 hours) | ||||
High bleeding risk | PRE | 30 mg/kg | |||
PERI | 16 mg/kg/h continuous infusion (6-8 hours) | ||||
Maxillofacial surgery | Regular (A) | PRE | 10-20 mg/kg | ||
Regular (B) | PERI | 1% irrigation | |||
Minor oral surgery | Anticoagulant or bleeding disorders | PERI (optional) | 5% irrigation | ||
POST | 10 mL 5% mouthwash (4x/d for 2-7 d) | ||||
Bleeding disorders (A) | POST | 15-25 mg/kg or 1-1.5 g 2-3x/d | |||
Bleeding disorders (B) | PRE | 10 mg/kg | |||
POST (optional) | 10 mg/kg 3-4x/d | ||||
(Adeno) tonsillectomy | Regular (A) | PRIOR | 10 mg/kg | ||
POST (optional) | 250 mg 3x/d for 1d and 500 mg 1x/d for 2 d | ||||
Regular (B) | POST | 4% irrigation | |||
Rhinoplasty | Regular (A) | PRE | 10 mg/kg | [46] | |
Regular (B) | PRE | 1 g | |||
POST (optional) | 1g 3x/d (up to 5 d) | ||||
Liver transplantation and resection | Regular | PERI | 10-40 mg/kg/h | ||
Prostate surgery | Regular (A) | PERI | 2 g 3x/d | ||
POST | 2 g 3x/d (first postoperative day) | ||||
Regular (B) | PERI | 1 g diluted in 200 mL NS or 10 mg/kg for 0.5 h | |||
Regular (C) | PRE | 500 mg injection | |||
PERI | 250 mg/h | ||||
Regular (D) | PRE | 500 mg injection | |||
POST | 500 mg injection | ||||
Regular (E) | PERI | 500 mg irrigation | |||
Nephrolithotomy | Regular (A) | PRE | 1 g | ||
POST | 500 mg 3x/d for 1 d | ||||
Regular (B) | PERI | 0.1% irrigation | |||
Melasma | Regular (A) | PERI | 40-500 mg/d 2 x/d (for 12 weeks) | ||
Regular (B) | PERI | 10% topical or with microneedling 2 x/d (for 12 weeks) | |||
Mohs micrographic surgery | Regular | PERI | 100-600 mg subcutaneous | [56] | |
Burn wounds or skin grafting | Regular | PRE | 15 mg/kg |