Serum interleukin 1β and sP-selectin as biomarkers of inflammation and thrombosis, could they be predictors of disease severity in COVID 19 Egyptian patients? (a cross-sectional study)

Table 3 Clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients without and with thrombotic events despite anticoagulation

		All patients No. = 55	Non-Thrombotic No. = 32	Thrombotic No. = 23	P-value
Age (mean ± SD)		65 ± 9	64 ± 10	67 ± 7	0.18
Gender (No., %)	Male	26 (47.3%)	17 (53.1%)	9 (39%)	0.305
Gender (No., %)	Female	29(52.7%)	15 (46.9%)	14 (61%)	0.305
Comorbidities (No., %)
Diabetes		28(51%)	13(41%)	15(65%)	0.072
Hypertension		34(62%)	18(56%)	16(70%)	0.316
Chronic pulmonary disease*		2(4%)	2(6%)	0(0)	0.504
Chronic liver disease		2(4%)	2(6%)	0(0)	0.504
Chronic kidney disease		1(2%)	1(3%)	0(0)	1
Ischemic Heart disease		3(5.5%)	1(3%)	2(9%)	0.565
Thyroid diseases		2(4%)	2(6%)	0(0)	0.5
Cancer		2(4%)	1(3%)	1(3%)	1
Severity of COVID − 19 (No., %)	Non-Severe	11(20%)	9(28%)	2(9%)	0.097
Severity of COVID − 19 (No., %)	Severe	44(80%)	23(72%)	21(71%)	0.097
Laboratory investigations (mean ± SD)
Hemoglobin (gm/dl)		12.2 ± 1.5	12.3 ± 1.6	12 ± 1.3	0.50
Total leucocytic count (/cmm)		6.5 ± 2.8	6.9 ± 2.5	6 ± 3	0.30
Platelets (/ μL)		254 ± 36	247.7 ± 35	263 ± 37	0.11
Lymphocyte %		25 ± 9.4	25.5 ± 9.3	24 ± 9.6	0.52
Neutrophil %		54.4 ± 10	56.9 ± 10.4	50.8 ± 8.6	0.03
AST (U/L)		30.6 ± 15.6	34 ± 19.5	25.7 ± 4.7	0.04
ALT (U/L)		28 ± 12	30.6 ± 14.7	24.6 ± 3.8	0.03
CRP (mg/L)(median-IQR)		32(3–120)	31 (3–59)	32(5–120)	0.33
D dimer (μg/mL)(median-IQR)		0.8(0.3–2.4)	0.7(0.3–1.7)	0.9(0.3–2.4)	0.094
Ferritin (ng/mL)		569(11–1498)	490(11–1300)	655(66–1498)	0.094
LDH (U/L)		381 ± 182	328 ± 130.5	455 ± 218	0.018
IL-1β (pg/ml)		16 ± 3	15 ± 1.8	17.2 ± 3.9	0.028
sP- selectin (ng/ml)		16.6 ± 3	16 ± 3.1	17.7 ± 2.2	0.015

Abbreviations: *COPD, AST Aspartate Transaminase, ALT Alanine Transaminase, CRP C-Reactive Protein, LDH Lactate Dehydrogenase, IL-1β Interleukin 1 beta

ISSN: 1477-9560