Table 1 Published cases of hepatic vascular thrombosis after RF or MWA of primary or secondary hepatic tumors
Author | Publication year | Country | Age (y) /sex | Primary or secondary hepatic tumors | Number(incidence of thrombosis) | Thrombosed vein | Time interval (d) | Associated thrombosis risk factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Catalano et al. [11] | 2000 | Italy | NA | Primary | 2(6.2%) | Portal vein | NA | NA |
Francica et al. [12] | 2000 | Italy | 53/M | Secondary | 1(NA) | Portal vein | 7 | Hypercoagulative states |
Ng et al. [13] | 2002 | China | 43/M | Primary | 1(NA) | Portal vein | 14 | Tumors close to the vein |
Baère et al. [14] | 2003 | France | NA | Primary or secondary | 11(3.5%) | Portal vein or hepatic vein | NA | 1. Pringle maneuvers 2. Cirrhotic livers 3. Vessels smaller than 3 mm in diameter |
Zheng et al. [15] | 2003 | Japan | 78/M | Primary | 1(NA) | Portal vein | 6 | 1. Tumors close to the vein 2. Cirrhotic livers |
Akahane et al. [16] | 2005 | Japan | NA | Secondary | 4(0.6%) | Portal vein | NA | 1. Hypercoagulative states 2. Tumors close to the vein |
Jansen et al. [17] | 2005 | Netherlands | NA | Primary or secondary | 2(1.6) | Portal vein | 4/7 | Pringle maneuvers |
Ng et al. [18] | 2005 | China | NA | Primary | 3(1.9) | Portal vein or hepatic vein | NA | Tumors close to the vein |
Baère et al. [19] | 2008 | France | NA | Primary or secondary | 9(4.5) | Portal vein or hepatic vein | NA | PBO |
Orlacchio et al. [20] | 2010 | Italy | 84/M | Primary | 1(NA) | Portal vein | 7 | Hypercoagulative states |
Kim et al. [21] | 2011 | Korea | NA | Primary | 15(1.4) | Portal vein or hepatic vein | (0-128) | 1. Pringle maneuvers 2. Cirrhotic livers 3. Vessels smaller than 3Â mm in diameter |
Chang et al. [22] | 2012 | Korea | NA | Primary | 1(2.6) | Portal vein | NA | Cirrhotic livers |
Koda et al. [23] | 2012 | Japan | NA | Primary | 32(0.2) | Portal vein | NA | NA |
Desolneux et al. [24] | 2014 | France | NA | Secondary | 3(2.0) | Portal vein or hepatic vein | NA | NA |
Fang et al. [25] | 2014 | China | NA | Primary | 1(0.8) | Portal vein | NA | NA |
Kai et al. [26] | 2015 | China | NA | Primary | 1(2.9) | Portal vein | NA | NA |
Singh et al. [27] | 2016 | England | 69/M | Secondary | 1(NA) | Hepatic vein | 30 | Tumors close to the vein |
Hairol et al. [28] | 2017 | Korea | 66/M | Secondary | 1(NA) | Portal vein | 14 | 1. Cirrhotic livers 2. Hypercoagulative states |
Verloh et al. [29] | 2019 | Germany | NA | Primary | 1(0.9) | Portal vein | NA | NA |
Maeda et al. [30] | 2020 | Japan | NA | Primary | 35(0.4) | Portal vein | NA | NA |