Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population (n = 246)

Age, y [IQR]

78 [68–83]

Sex, male, n (%)

139 (56.5)

Visit time, h

4.0 [1.5–12.0]

Hypertension, n (%)

164 (66.7)

Diabetes, n (%)

78 (31.7)

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

101 (41.1)

Ischemic heart disease, n (%)

39 (15.9)

Atrial fibrillation

61 (24.8)

Current smoking, n (%)

47 (19.1)

History of stroke, n (%)

65 (26.4)

Stroke mechanism, (%)

Large artery atherosclerosis

74 (30.1)

Small-vessel occlusion

39 (15.9)

Cardioembolism

67 (27.2)

Other determined

10 (4.1)

Undetermined

48 (19.5)

Two or more

8 (3.3)

Initial NIHSS score [IQR]

4 [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

History of cancer, n (%)

35 (14.2)

Active cancer, n (%)

21 (8.5)

Venous thromboembolism, n (%)^*

18 (28.6)

Use of anticoagulants, n (%)

48 (19.5)

Laboratory factors

HbA1c, % [IQR]

5.9 [5.6–6.5]

Fasting glucose, mg/dL [IQR]

99 [88–117]

Total cholesterol, mg/dL [IQR]

162 [135–190]

White blood cell, x 10³/uL [IQR]

7.59 [5.86–9.67]

High-sensitivity CRP, mg/dL [IQR]

0.21 [0.07–0.85]

Initial D-dimer, mg/L [IQR]

1.25 [0.80–2.19]

Follow-up D-dimer, mg/L [IQR]

1.30 [0.76–2.61]

Change in D-dimer, mg/L [IQR]

-0.03 [-0.43 -0.51]

Outcome factors

Early neurological deterioration, n (%)

58 (23.6)