Table 1 Comparing PAS and PTE in clinical imaging

CTPA

• Occupying the entire lumen of the pulmonary arteries

• “Wall eclipsing sign”

• Sharp angles with the vessel wall

• Appear flat, or cup shaped

• Blunt angle with the vessel wall

MRI

• Aneurysm- or grape-like distal structures exhibiting heterogeneous enhancement

• Delayed enhancement

• Higher T2 signal intensity

• Artery wall thickening

• No enhancement and delayed enhancement

• Clear demarcation with artery wall

PET/CT

High ¹⁸F-FDG uptake

Low/no ¹⁸F-FDG uptake

TTE

• Expansive growth with raised border

• Medium-low echo, with an uneven internal echo

• Slightly mobile

• Color doppler display obvious blood flow signal inside the cyst

• Regular morphology

• Uniformly hypoechoic

• Immobile

• Distal end to proximal end

• No obvious blood flow signal inside the cyst

Contrast-TTE

Moderate-high perfusion

Low perfusion